There is no sport that goes from 0 to 40 as quickly as tennis. The scores in this sport don't seem to follow a pattern. Why is scoring in tennis so weird?
The tennis scoring system has not been updated in over 100 years, and it's causing a lot of confusion for players and spectators alike.
The reason why tennis scored 15, 30, and 40 is that the scores were originally displayed using clock faces. The hand was moved 90 degrees for each point. This meant the score went 0-15-30-45, and 60 for the win. However, to shorten 45, modern time replaced it with 40.
If you're new to tennis, the scoring system can seem really weird and complicated. You're not alone - even experienced players sometimes have trouble with it.
Veteran tennis players state that tennis scoring has been that way since the first official matches. There was no easier way to keep the audience informed about the score than to use two large clocks. The tradition, with a few modifications, has been carried forward since then.
Scoring System In Tennis
When a tennis match begins, both players are at 0-0. When one player scores a point, the scores move to 15-0. If the other player then scores a point, the score is 15-15. The next point scored by either player results in a score of 30-15 of 30-30, depending on which player scored. If a player scores another point after that, the score becomes 40-30 or 40-15, with the first number always being the score of the player who most recently scored.
If both players tie at 40-40, it is called a deuce. The winning player has to score two points to win. The first player to attain two points in a row from the deuce wins the game.
Some people find tennis scoring confusing, but it really is quite simple. The first player to get four points wins the game unless both players have scored three points each, in which case the score is "deuce," and play continues until one player has a two-point lead.
The scoring system in tennis is designed to keep matches close and exciting. In most games, the score goes back and forth several times before one player finally emerges victorious. This makes for an exciting spectator sport as well as a challenging game for those who participate.
After winning a game, the player must win five more games and by a lead of at least two games, e.g., 6-4, in order to win the set.
When a player enters a match, it is determined by whether it is a best of 5 (in which the winner is the player to make it to 3 sets first) or a best of 3 (first to win two sets). The number of sets necessary to win is always fixed prior to the match but varies based on the location, level, and gender of the tournament. For example, at the Wimbledon Championships, men play best of 5 sets while women and juniors (under-18 players) play best of 3.
At professional level matches, there is a deciding set if the score in any previous set is 6–6. This final set continues until one player wins by a margin of two games, e.g., 7–5 or 6–4.
Tennis has been around for hundreds of years. Its roots date back to the 12th century in France. The game has undergone many changes over the years, but one thing that has remained constant is the scoring system. While some people find tennis scoring confusing, it is actually quite simple once you understand the basics.
The Clock Theory
It is believed that tennis results were displayed on two clock faces in the early days. As each participant scored, the clock face was moved by 90 degrees or 15 minutes, from 15 to 30, then 45, and eventually 60 for the victory.
This is arguably one of the most persuasive arguments available.
Some of you are undoubtedly screaming at your computers or phones right now because the tennis score is 40 points, not 45!
And you are correct!
However, skeptics argue that when clock faces were no longer utilized, the vocal announcement of "45" was abbreviated to "40."
This is fascinating since we do this even in today's game. For example, at your local tennis club, you won't have to wait long to hear folks utter "thirties" instead of "30-all."
Another popular term is "van" instead of "advantage," or "2" (referring to the remaining first and second serves) instead of "Let-First Service," as umpires announce on television.
For these reasons, it is very likely that deleting the "5" from "45" occurred at some time in history.
Where Did Love Come From?
No, we are not talking about dating here. When a player is at zero points, they are stated to be at (not in) love. This is often abbreviated to L.
While the origins of this term are unclear, there are a few theories about how it started.
Some believe that "love" was used to describe zero because it was thought of as being nothing or having no value. This could be a result of early scoring systems where only the winner had a positive score (the loser's score would reset to zero).
Another possibility is that "love" came from the French word l'oeuf, which means "egg." This refers to the shape of a zero on the scoreboard looking like an egg.
A third theory is that "love" was chosen because it was thought of as a neutral term, unlike other numbers that were seen as either positive or negative.
Whatever the reason, "love" has been used to describe zero in tennis for many years and is unlikely to change anytime soon!
What Does Deuce Mean?
Deuce is a term that is used when the score reaches 40-40 (or 3-3 in games). At this point, the next player to score will have the advantage. If the player with the advantage loses the next point, the score goes back to deuce. This can happen multiple times until one player finally wins two points in a row and takes the game.
Some people believe that deuce comes from the French word à deux, meaning "to two." This refers to the fact that there are only two possible outcomes at this stage of the game; either the player with the advantage wins, or the score goes back to deuce.
Others believe that deuce is short for "double deuce," which was used in early versions of the game when a player needed to win four points in a row to win the game.
Whatever the origin of the term, deuce is an important part of tennis scoring and is used in almost every match!
The Advantage Rule
As we mentioned above, the advantage rule comes into play when the score reaches 40-40 (or 3-3 in games). At this point, the next player to score will have the advantage. If they lose the next point, the score goes back to deuce. However, if they win the next point, they win the game!
This may seem like a strange rule, but it is actually quite fair. It ensures that the player who wins the point at deuce must also win the next point to take the game. This prevents players from winning cheap points and encourages longer rallies.
The advantage rule is also known as the sudden death rule, as it can lead to a quick end to the game if one player takes an early lead.
This rule was first introduced in 1873 and has been used in tennis ever since. It is an important part of the game and adds excitement for both players and spectators!
Objective of Tennis
The objective of tennis is simple: to win the match! Players can do this by winning a certain number of games or sets, as specified by the tournament rules.
In a standard tennis match, a player is required to win six games, which completes a set. If the score reaches 6-6, then a tiebreaker is played to determine the winner of the set. The first player to reach seven points in the tiebreaker wins the set.
Players must win two out of three sets to win a match. If the score reaches 1-1 in sets, then a third and final set is played. The first player to reach six games in the final set wins the match.
The objective is to hit the ball into the opponent's court in such a way that they either miss it, hit it into the net, or are out of bounds.
Court Layout
A tennis court is 78 feet long and 27 feet wide, with a net in the middle. The court is divided into two equal halves by the net. Each half is called a service box.
The service boxes are further divided into two smaller boxes by a line that runs perpendicular to the net. These lines are called the baseline and the service line.
The area between the baseline and the service line is called the court. The area behind the baseline is called the backcourt.
The court is marked by several lines. The most important lines are the baseline and the service line. The other lines are the sidelines, the centerline, and the tramlines.
The ball needs to bounce within the court for it to be considered. If the ball hits outside the service or tram line, it is considered out, and the opponent wins the point.
Service
The game begins with one player serving from the right service box. The other player must stand behind the baseline in the left service box.
A player serves the ball by hitting it over the net into the opponent's service box. The player must hit the ball diagonally across the court and cannot hit it into the net or out of bounds.
If the ball hits the net on a serve, it is called a let, and the service is repeated.
A player can serve anywhere within their service box, but most players prefer to serve from the back of the box. This gives them more power and accuracy.
A player continues to serve until they lose a point. They then move to the other service box, and the opponent becomes the server.
Players alternate serving every two games. This means that each player serves for two consecutive games before the other player has a turn.
The first player to serve in a set is decided by a coin toss. The winner of the coin toss decides whether to serve first or second. The loser of the coin toss decides which end of the court they would like to start from.
Each player has their own side of the court and can only hit the ball into their opponent's half. Players can hit the ball anywhere on their opponent's side, including into the corners.
About THE AUTHOR
Michael Stevens
Since initially playing at the collegiate level, I have amassed several decades of experience playing racquetball, tennis, and pickleball. I have played thousands of matches and games, and won medals and awards in multiple tourantments. I am constantly improving my game and enjoy mentoring and coaching other players in strategy and technique. I have authored dozens of articles on the sport.
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